Laser Physics in Aesthetic Treatments
Understanding the fundamental physics principles behind laser technology and how they apply to aesthetic treatments for optimal patient outcomes.
Core Physics Concepts
Light Amplification
Laser light is created through stimulated emission of radiation, producing coherent, monochromatic, and collimated light beams.
Wavelength Selection
Different wavelengths target specific chromophores in tissue, enabling selective treatment of various skin conditions.
Energy Delivery
Controlled energy delivery through pulse duration and fluence ensures safe and effective tissue interaction.
Wavelength and Chromophore Interaction
| Wavelength (nm) | Primary Target | Clinical Application | Penetration Depth |
|---|---|---|---|
| 755 | Melanin | Hair Removal, Pigmented Lesions | 2-3 mm |
| 810 | Melanin | Hair Removal, Skin Rejuvenation | 3-4 mm |
| 1064 | Melanin, Water | Deep Hair Removal, Vascular Lesions | 4-6 mm |
| 532 | Melanin, Hemoglobin | Pigmented Lesions, Vascular Lesions | 1-2 mm |
| 585-595 | Hemoglobin | Vascular Lesions, Rosacea | 1-2 mm |
| 2940 | Water | Skin Resurfacing, Scar Treatment | 0.1-0.3 mm |
Tissue Interaction Mechanisms
Photothermal Effects
Selective Photothermolysis
Targeted heating of specific chromophores while sparing surrounding tissue
Thermal Relaxation Time
Time required for target to cool by 50% - determines optimal pulse duration
Thermal Damage Threshold
Minimum temperature and duration required to cause permanent tissue damage
Photochemical Effects
Photodynamic Therapy
Light activation of photosensitizing agents for targeted cell destruction
Collagen Stimulation
Controlled thermal injury triggers new collagen formation and remodeling
Cellular Response
Light-induced changes in cellular metabolism and signaling pathways
Safety Considerations
Eye Safety
- Proper eyewear protection for all wavelengths
- Laser safety officer designation and training
- Controlled access to treatment areas
- Regular safety audits and maintenance
Skin Safety
- Fitzpatrick skin type assessment
- Test spot evaluation before full treatment
- Appropriate cooling and post-treatment care
- Contraindication screening and documentation
Advanced Physics Concepts
Beam Quality
M² factor, beam divergence, and spatial coherence affect treatment precision and safety.
Pulse Shaping
Temporal pulse profiles optimize energy delivery and minimize side effects.
Spot Size Effects
Larger spot sizes provide deeper penetration and more uniform energy distribution.
Master Laser Physics for Better Outcomes
Understanding the physics behind laser treatments leads to safer, more effective procedures and better patient results.